mardi 19 août 2014

The London dream !

If the UK is suffering, above all, a series of shots (the tweed suits, tea time, the royal family, food say "surprising"), London appears as a modern, dynamic and thriving metropolis , arousing the wildest fantasies.

Indeed, the British capital, like the big cities like New York or Paris, opened internationally in the late twentieth century, including through accession to the European Union. The cosmopolitan city is revealed with more than 50 nationalities, speaking 300 different languages. It is thus common to encounter a punk alongside a businessman in the city.

Today, the city is not only the capital of England. It appears especially as the European capital of multiculturalism. Monuments, museums and galleries are plentiful and impose their vision of culture to the rest of Europe. London is home to a cultural experience and it still has a pawn ahead of its competitors.

Where the shoe pinches is unreasonable in the property prices. London has become a particularly expensive city in which the budget does not belong. Thus, the rents were higher than New York! Despite this, London remains a stunning city towards which all eyes converge.

History of London
In 43 AD, the Romans built a wooden bridge over the Thames from which Londonium developed. In 60, after a fire caused by the resistance to the Roman conquest of Queen Boudicca, the town was rebuilt and became the commercial and administrative capital of Britannia.

In 410, the city was abandoned and the Saxons in 789, the Vikings and the attacks of the barbarians began. Edward the Confessor who is on the throne in 1060 built the palace of Westminster, while trade is developing in the area of ​​the City. In the middle of the twelfth century that London is named official capital of England.

In 1348, London was struck by the plague of the Black Death, which reduced the population by half. However, the population increases during the Tudor dynasty (1485). During the reign of Elizabeth I, the cultural activity is in full emulation. William Shakespeare is one of the engines.

The rise of Jacques VI of Scotland to the throne (1603-1625) marks the beginning of the reign of the Stuarts. At that time, the city has 200 000 inhabitants. In 1664, another wave of plague decimates 110,000 Londoners 8 months. Two years later, the Great Fire ravaged nearly 80% of the city. A project of Great Reconstruction is then led in particular by the architect Wren who is originally from St. Paul's Cathedral and 51 other churches.

In the early eighteenth century, London has 500 000 inhabitants, is the largest city in Europe. It enjoys an international reputation with the advent of Queen Victoria. The population stands at nearly 7 million people at the end of his reign. In 1910, it was the beginning of the reign of George V. Windsor with

In 1940, London suffered the incessant bombing of the Second World War. During this war, basements Whitehall are occupied by Churchill who heads military operations. The war claimed nearly 30,000 casualties. The City and the East End are in ruins.

In 1952, Queen Elizabeth II ascended the throne. In the 60s, London is considered the city's most fashionable world. This is the "Swinging London". In 1979, Margaret Thatcher was appointed Prime Minister, she remained in that position for 11 years. David Cameron, the British Conservative Party, was prime minister since 2010.
Today, London is an international financial center and an place of culture with its hundreds of museums and historical monuments. London is still full of ambition.

City tour

With its village atmosphere, Notting Hill is a very nice neighborhood. Walking through the charming streets, you will feel like one of the famous characters in "Maid in Notting Hill!" Head towards Kensington Gardens and Kensington Palace, the neighborhood that saw the birth and growth of Queen Victoria.

Join through Hyde Park, the must Buckingham Palace, the world's most prestigious royal residence. Then, stop in a beautiful garden, the St James' Park. After visiting Buckingham Palace you will not refuse to rest facing the lake. Taking the Downing Street to join the Banqueting House, notice the guards in front of No. 10, known to be the residence of the Prime Ministers address. Please note that the street is subject to police checks.

If want to stroll and shopping then you just do not hesitate to get in Convent Garden. You can stop for a drink while listening to music groups or buy souvenirs.

Not far away is the district of the City, London's financial center. The famous St Paul's Cathedral stands majestically with its beautiful dome.

South of Saint James's Park, is the Westminster Abbey with her, his palace and cathedral.

Continue east to find the Tower of London, one of the leading London landmarks. Next, cross Tower Bridge onto the south bank of the Thames where you can visit the theater of Shakespeare's globe or take a ride on the big observation wheel, the London Eye - the city view is breathtaking!

Stay away a little to the north and head to Regent's Park, yet quiet and relaxing.

If you want to get away a little of London, Greenwich is the perfect place to escape for a day in the busy life of the city. The architecture, the palace and its grounds will amaze you. Go to the discovery of the famous Queen's House, which is located in the National Maritime Museum.

Southwest of the city, you'll feel like you're in the particular campaign by visiting the fabulous Kew Gardens. It brings flowers and plants more beautiful as each other in a royal setting. Do not miss the Hampton Court Palace, which borders the garden.

Many films are set in London and if we do not mention a few: "Mary Poppins" in 1964, "Maid in Notting Hill" in 1999 with Hugh Grant and Julia Roberts, "From Hell" in 2001, which is a reconstruction of the seedy district of Whitechapel in the 19th century streets, or "Match Point" by Woody Allen, in 2005 with gorgeous Scarlett Johansson.


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AUSTRALIA

Land of kangaroos, the didgeridoo and the great outdoors, Australia offers a breathtaking landscape of disparities between the ultra-modern megacities like Melbourne or Sydney and wild lands where the pioneering spirit prevails.

Huge continent that bears the most beautiful natural treasures of planet rock formations in the Outback Red land in the central regions, the road is lined with breathtaking views. Mineral and wild, Australia is not a huge desert region. Vegetation provided Tasmania, huge coastal beaches and the Great Barrier Reef offer sumptuous and refreshing landscapes.

Culture lovers will delight in the urban centers of shows and festivals enliven the cities of Sydney, Melbourne and Adelaide throughout the year. Meet the Aborigines in Queensland, the nobility of the country and its origins are best captures.

For Europeans, the vast continent (14 times that of France) is above all a dream, the dream of a new world that has taken over the American West. Still, the country remains in a good twenty hours by plane from France, and it is, among other things, why it is better to stay at least three weeks. Ready for adventure?

Australia was the filming location of "Jaws," the eccentric road movie "Priscilla Queen of the Desert" and obviously the set of the film "Australia" with Nicole Kidman and Hugh Jackman.
practical advice
Rent a car in Australia
People drive on the left side in Australia. So be careful if you are not used.
peoples
In Australia, there is not an indigenous people, but many tribes differing in their languages, arts and traditions.

A concept organizes the lives of Australian Aborigines: it is the so-called "dream time" which is a founding period of the tribes there are several thousands of years. Contemporary popular culture of the aboriginal tribes ensues.

Today, these peoples and cultures are threatened. A direct consequence of the colonization of Australia. Aborigines hold sacred the land they live and can not be moved without risk of losing their culture altogether.

Some agencies allow you to experience Aboriginal culture in the context of sustainable tourism. Particularly in Queensland: More information


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The city that never sleeps ... NEW YORK

Located in the northeastern United States, New York is the cultural and economic heart of the country. The vibrations of this cosmopolitan city is particularly felt on the island of Manhattan, where urban, taxis, businessmen and tourists cross days and nights in an endless stream.

City of superlatives, New York does not lack its reputation! Captivating, electric, excessive ... that we nicknamed "the big apple" crunches in all seasons and is, as promised, full of unexpected flavors. 

City most represented on movie screens, King Kong to Woody Allen, New York nevertheless retains its magic and mystery. Crossing the Brooklyn Bridge, get lost in Chinatown, stroll through Central Park, stand at the foot of the Statue of Liberty or visit museums, so many reasons to get carried away by the fast pace of the city that never sleeps. 

Discover New York 
Before you start your tour of New York, it is better to know the geography of the area because the city is immense. Located at the mouth of the Hudson River and the East River, New York is divided into five districts called "boroughs": Manhattan, the Bronx, Queens, Brooklyn and Staten Island. Of course, Manhattan is the most interesting district to discover and several days will be necessary just to get a glimpse.

In fact, Manhattan is a large island that concentrates most offices and businesses in New York. This explains why there are so many people walking on the sidewalks quickly. In fact, they join their offices because 90% of people who work in Manhattan do not live there. 

To get around in Manhattan, know that the island is divided into several areas. Downtown Manhattan stretching from the southern tip up to 14th Street. Midtown Manhattan stretches from 14th Street to Central Park South. Uptown Manhattan extends him south to the north of Central Park. Beyond that, we talk about the Upper Manhattan neighborhoods of Harlem and Washington Heights.



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EGYPT

Egypt of the Pharaohs, Egypt or Egyptian desert cities ... ?? There's something for everyone.

Straddling Asia (Sinai Peninsula) and Africa, Egypt is one of those countries that require many lifetimes to be explored in depth, as there is to see, understand and discover. Alexander the Great, Caesar or Bonaparte in their time, have developed delusions of grandeur. In the shadow of the pyramids and twenty centuries of history who contemplate the traveler will feel very small.

Holiday destination and discovery par excellence, the heritage of this country can only marvel. For thousands of years each city built its own character. A special atmosphere is created for each of them.

The bustling city of Cairo, day and night, subsides when you arrive in the vicinity of prestigious and elegant Pyramids of Giza. Mosques, enchanting palaces and interesting museums will leave a lasting memory.

Besides the capital, Alexandria seems quiet with facilities that reflect its European past.

The Sinai desert to leave some indescribable feeling as nature is resplendent.

The Red Sea is full of gems, do not hesitate to go for a ride in his depths.

Pharaonic era will reveal its most precious secrets in Luxor. Older temples thousands of years of ancient Thebes, "city where every house is full of wealth" according to Homer, are beautifully preserved.

Further south, Aswan is a great place to relax and enjoy in peace the Nile River divine. Simply magical!

In addition to these discoveries, Egypt is also a place in which to practice sports including diving. The Red Sea is one of the most extraordinary places in the world for this sport.

One last tip to follow: go to meet the Egyptians and so discover their rich culture. Very proud of their country (and they are right!), They will be delighted to introduce you to them as magical as the monuments of their ancestors lives.

Cinema in Egypt

Cinema has succumbed to the beauty of the country. So many films like Malcolm X by Spike Lee, The Mummy Stephen Sommers ... Claude François Claude François or were Egyptian.


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TUNISIA

Located in North Africa, between Algeria and Libya, Tunisia is known for its mild climate and sandy beaches. But this country, where a sweet scent of jasmine fleet corona harissa and mint tea, has numerous other advantages.

A glass of tea on the terrace of a cafe, two or three delicious pastries taste of honey and orange blossom, and you will find yourself that happiness does not take much.
As you walk through the souks and the narrow streets of the medina, you fall under the spell of Tunisian cities: Tunis, Hammamet, Sousse ...

Tataouine Tunis, Tunisia reserve surprising and varied landscapes. Earth stride by various civilizations (Punic, Roman, Christian ...), Tunisia is full of exceptional archaeological sites including the famous Carthage. But these are by far the Muslim Arabs who forged the cultural heritage of Tunisia. The galleries feature mosaics and old objects of almost two thousand years.

Finally, most athletes will be able to sporting activities in a beautiful setting. Adventurers will be tempted to take a trip to the impressive Sahara desert.

Tunisia was the filming location for many films like "The English Patient" by Anthony Minghella with Juliette Binoche, Kristin Scott Thomas and Willem Defoe. Some scenes of the famous saga of George Lucas "Star Wars" were filmed in the region of Tozeur and the far south of Tunisia. This is also the case of "Raiders of the Lost Ark" by Steven Spielberg with Harrison Ford, the film by Alain Berberian "Dead Weight" with Benoit Poelvoorde and Gerard Lanvin.


The oasis of Ksar Ghilane (South), gateway to the Sahara desert Tunisian door, is the most southern Tunisian oases.
The oasis of Tozeur, characterized by abundant sources, was the relay exchange of slaves, gold and dates.


spa
Currently in vogue, spa centers, synonyms wellness and pleasure, are very numerous in Tunisia. Since opening its first center in 1994 in Sousse, Tunisia is the second world thalassotherapy destination after Thailand. Visit the North Shore if you want peace and quite on the east coast if you enjoy a festive evening.

Always remember to make sure the thalassotherapy center is located by the sea!


resorts

The mere mention of Djerba, the island of southern Tunisia, is synonymous with holidays and relaxation. Tennis, water skiing, horseback riding, scuba diving, cultural festivals, tourists do not have time to be bored.

Located in the Gulf of Gabes, the island has exceptional flora and beautiful white sand beaches from which one can avoid the sight of the big resorts, as long as you look at the sea ...

Tunisia has a little over 1,250 km of coastline and has many resorts, the most famous are Tabarka, Sousse, Hammamet, Nabeul, Port El Kantaoui, in addition of course to Djerba.

Do not miss also the city of Kairouan Great Mosque, one of the holy places of Islam.


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MOROCCO

You'll find one of the most beautiful countries in the world. Step into the majestic city of Fes and just haggling in the souks of Marrakech. Join the Berbers of the Sahara and bask in the sun on the beautiful beaches of Agadir.
You guessed it, the Kingdom of Morocco is a land of contrasts that will not leave anyone indifferent. From the snowy peaks of the High Atlas to the edge of the desert, only the heat of the sun could compete with the hospitality of the Moroccans. You will discover a welcoming and tolerant people against a backdrop of magnificent monuments, symbols of great cultural and architectural richness. A fascinating country and every corner reminds us of a long history of 2500 years. Add to that a tasty and creative cuisine. Change of scenery!

A sweet perfume of East fleet in this country that has combined tradition and modernity. They practice a moderate Islam and the fascinating cry of the muezzin will remind you 5 times a day by calling to prayer.

Country resolutely turned towards the future, Morocco is the safest in North Africa in terms of health and safety country. More than a million French come every year to visit Morocco!

The landscapes of Morocco were used as decorations for many films. Obviously Lawrence of Arabia by David Lean, most recently with The Source and Leila Behkti Hafsia Herzi.


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a trip to GERMANY

Occupying a central position in Europe, Germany is not the first destination that comes to mind for the holidays. Yet as peaceful nature holidays and family you prefer, or we want to take this trip to enrich cultural discoveries, everyone can find his account in Germany, between the medieval towns, the stunning landscapes of the Bavaria, and the rich heritage of Berlin.

Walkers will enjoy a variety of terrain and scenery. Lovers follow the Romantic Road, which crosses the south of nearly 350 km. Finally, the architecture and museums will delight history and culture enthusiasts.

The first prefer the South of Germany, with the regions of Bavaria and the Black Forest. But Germany also has other parks and natural attractions that will delight nature lovers.

The latter have plenty of choice, as the German cities considerable importance is attached to the value of their architectural heritage. Monuments, they are in big cities like Berlin or scattered in smaller villages, often show a remarkable architecture. The country can also boast a large number of monuments (old towns, churches, castles) on the list of World Heritage by UNESCO. In addition, the reputation of German museums is well established: they are considered part of the most beautiful in the world.

All major cities of Germany therefore deserve closer attention to their architectural heritage and museums. But the country also has many picturesque villages, where local cultures retain all their force. Wherever you go in Germany, you will be warmly received.


You can also discover the friendliness of the Germans during the many events organized throughout the country: the festivals taking place each summer the famous Oktoberfest in Munich, wine festivals and famous carnivals. Your stay in Germany will be an opportunity to sample the cuisine of the country, and of course the national drink, beer!


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a trip to GREECE

Greece and its islands have a distinguished history. Lovers of scenery, you will be served! On Athens, Delphi and Epidaurus archaeological sites, you will find temples dedicated to the Greek gods in Ancient times.

In a spectacular natural setting, there are monasteries where the priests live. In Thessaloniki, Byzantine churches have magnificent mosaics. The parks will delight nature lovers. There something for everyone ... you choose your route.

Greece is also a country of festivals and traditions, restless nights that end at daybreak, but also a rich food, a warm and welcoming population ... An ode to the discovery and the many and varied pleasures .

Go to discover Greece and Greeks, you will not regret it! You will share the joy of living of its people and their traditions, the mild Mediterranean and the fantastic gastronomic pleasures typically Greek climate.

Do not forget to ask about the events taking place during your stay. Many festivals are held during the summer. The best known is the theater festival in Athens.

Greece cinema

The filmmakers could not resist the beauty of Grèce.15 August Alessandrin Patrick, Big Blue of Luc Besson's Mamma Mia Phyllida Lloyd and many other films have been shot in Greece.


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a trip to PORTUGAL

A vast coastline with beaches fringed cliffs, inland sunburned. Add to that an important cultural and historical heritage associated with a famous food, and you're in the land of port wine and fado, Portugal.
Furthermore, fado, represented by the famous Amalia Rodrigues, the country can boast of having rocked some famous people like Vasco da Gama discovered the sea route to India in 1498, or Camões, epic poet of the sixteenth century who one honors June 10 of each year (holiday). Similarly, Fernando Pessoa, author of multiple signatures from the early twentieth century, is considered the greatest Portuguese writer since the Renaissance.

Quieter than its neighbor Spain, Portugal wants anyway alive and looking to the future. But this dynamism has some paradoxes. It contrasts indeed with great religious fervor and traditionalism reigning supreme in this part of the Iberian Peninsula. Anyway, the country of Discovery - maritime explorations of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries - displays a wide variety of landscapes and a phenomenal cultural richness.

For if the majority of tourists are attracted to the resorts of the Algarve, on the south coast of the country, other parts of the country as much, if not more attractive, from a point of view heritage.

Porto, home of the eponymous wine at Evor, Moorish, to Sintra, a city of palaces and gardens, or by Coimbra, the student, Portugal holds priceless treasures, sometimes wrongly neglected by tourists.

Similarly, what would without Lisbon Portugal? The country's capital, although modernized and cosmopolitan, has preserved its authenticity. And she also seems to have become aware of the richness of its architectural treasures as evidenced by the ongoing restoration. In addition, the city has maintained its cutting neighborhood by neighborhood, giving it the appearance of a village.
And we must not forget, Portugal includes the Azores and Madeira. Although located more than a thousand kilometers from the mainland and independent administrative point of view, these two archipelagos, are indeed part of the country. Their volcanic landscapes and lush vegetation offer a different face Portugal. But, again, the Lusitanian culture remains firmly rooted in morals.

Notable films that were shot in Portugal include "Mysteries of Lisbon" filmmaker Raoul Ruiz.


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a trip to CROATIA

Croatia is truly a destination "trend." The attraction it exerts on tourists from around the world can be explained by its exceptional climate and beautiful coastline. But outside the postcard cliché, Croatia is a fascinating country in many ways.

We must admit that Croatia is first of incredible scenery. Although the Dalmatian coast and islands leave a lasting impression, Croatian landscapes can not be reduced to this. There are also beautiful mountains, majestic forests and green fields. Well aware of this major asset, Croatia has established eight national parks. One that includes the Plitvice Lakes, near Zadar, is certainly the most amazing and most beautiful.

Croats have their own identity. They differ from their Balkan neighbors in their approach to life, decidedly Western. Their culture, tinged Mediterranean exuberance and Central European heat is really exciting. Travel in Croatia, is exploring a welcoming and festive people.


Successive invasions experienced by Croatia have created an outstanding architectural heritage. Romans, Venetians and Austrians bequeathed her magnificent monuments. Cities such as Pula, Dubrovnik or seduce you with their rich past. Croatian museums ensure preserve these precious archaeological remains.

To these historical wonders adds an artistic tradition deeply rooted in the heart of the Croats. During the Renaissance, the country counted one of the greatest religious art schools. Later, Croatia Ivan Mestrovic birthplace (1883-1962), a famous sculptor of the twentieth siècle.Aujourd'hui, the life of the country, especially in Zagreb, is marked by cultural events of international renown. Tributes to animation, jazz and folklore are a few examples of great artistic development of Croatia.

Croatia cinema

The country hosted the filming of inimitable classics such as the Gold 1979 The Tin Drum, the famous Fiddler on the Roof, or The Trial by Orson Welles adaptation of the novel by Kafka.

Summarize a bit: a fascinating people, a nature preserve, an exceptional historical heritage and artistic ferment. So that's when the start?



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a trip to IRELAND

Green destination if any, Ireland is a natural paradise. Largely dominated by meadows and pastures, the island does offer a wide variety of landscapes. The east coast to the sandy beaches contrast with the West Coast to cut terrain as the Cliffs of Moher. The Ring of Kerry on the edge of the ocean is an explosion of blue and green while the landscapes of Connemara palette from brown color to dark bog lakes Guinness
Of course, the one we call the "Emerald Isle" there are charming and lively as its capital Dublin, Cork or Galway cities. Small country with people of great hospitality, it is in pubs you enjoy the jovial temperament of the Irish.



You will discover on this island inhabited since prehistoric times many vestiges of the past: castles, churches and monasteries ... You can also see Celtic art beautiful objects in museums.

But Ireland, which has an impressive economic growth in recent years, is certainly forward-looking. Its young population and technological industries promise to be great assets for years to come.

Ireland is finally a land of wonder. Because a traffic jam in the open field because of sheep capricious, an infant at the pub clutching his Guinness or a priest who tells you between two pints Saint Patrick, it does not happen here!

The Cinema in Ireland

The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian Andrew Adamson, Saving Private Ryan Steven Spielberg or PS I love you Richard LaGravenese were shot in Ireland.


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a trip to POLAND

Poland, it is above all the charm of a country true to its traditions: religious fervor is one of the most significant from a trip to Warsaw or Krakow aspects.

But that's not all: the local cuisine, the colorful houses of historic towns and varied architecture in Poland remains deserve at least a week.

Slavic tradition is still present in Poland. Dance, music and architecture prove every day that two world wars and 40 years of Soviet occupation have not removed their culture to the Poles.

It is this atmosphere that has just in Poland, but also for its lush forests, mountains and clear lakes.




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a trip to THE UNITED KINGDOM

There is no need to go far to find a very different country from France. You'll only have to cross the Channel to explore England.
It's true, the climate does not lend itself too tan, but take the opportunity to visit the wonderful museums and monuments that can offer London for example. Or, follow the footsteps of the "Four Day's Night" by going to Liverpool.

If you are a nature lover and you're up for a green holiday, you will be spoiled. Wales and Scotland offer scenic surroundings are ideal for outdoor activities. Britain has a dozen more beautiful than the other parks.

The Channel Islands are also a destination to relax and enjoy an exceptional nature.

Having made ​​efforts during the day, what better than to settle into a pub and a pint! It is also the ideal place to get to know the people and their traditions.

Cultural Heritage / Archaeology / museum
The people of the UK are very attached to their Queen. The royal family and the traditions associated with it prominently in their heart and in their lives. The Queen's Palace is located in the heart of London. A part of the palace visit eight weeks a year during the summer.

Failing to see the Queen, you can watch the changing of the guard at Buckingham Palace every day at 11:30 in the summer and every other day the rest of the year.



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a trip to SPAIN

Spain, a country on the Iberian Peninsula, which give both coasts of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, offers an incredible number of faces depending on the region where you are.

Beaches, mountains, plains, coasts, you have a choice! Many sports and activities are available: family or for the hardcore sports, again, everyone will find his account. But still the same warm welcome all over Spain and a keen sense of fun, wherever you go.

Spain is really a dreamland ... The mild climate and the omnipresence of the sun make it a "recreation destination" of choice. But Spain is much more than that!

First, the country has a culture and tradition deeply rooted in the heart of its people. Here one thinks of bullfighting or flamenco. But the Spanish culture goes far beyond these clichés postcard. Besides, one should say the Spanish cultures ... In fact, Spain is four official languages ​​(Castilian, Catalan, Galician and Basque), 17 autonomous communities and regional particularities in shambles. The "celtitude" Galician opposes the Arab heritage of Andalusia, for example.

However, a trait meets the Spaniards the spirit of the fiesta. Every night is an opportunity for a drink with friends or a turn on the dance floor. Varied, but always fiestas take place throughout the year. Warmth highly competitive summer heatwave! Furthermore, the long history of Spain and its varied influences have bequeathed him a simply outstanding heritage. Cities such as Madrid, Barcelona, ​​Seville and Granada are architectural wonders. Iberia is also a land of artists. The many museums you will discover such masters Velázquez, El Greco and, closer to home, Picasso and Miró ...

If you prefer the outdoors, remember that Spain is a multitude of landscapes, each more surprising than others. Mountains, green fields, barren hills, volcanic plateaus ... there's something for everyone.

Spain also gives us a refined cuisine, which, admit it, makes it even better! Traditional tapas are a must but Spanish cuisine is characterized by a wide variety. There also regional differences are ubiquitous.

Spain is the explosive mix of sun, art and partying. The 50 million annual tourists prove how this country is fascinating ... So what are you waiting for go?

Spain cinema

Spain has inspired many filmmakers. Standard as Once Upon a Time in the West Sergio Leone, Kingdom of Even Ridley Scott or The Bourne Doug Liman were shot in Spain. Penelope and Monica Cruz, Rafael Nadal or Pedro Elmodovar are Spanish origin.



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a trip to ITALY

Ah Italy ... there are so many reasons to go see this beautiful country. Angular stone of the Renaissance, art and history lovers will find plenty to satisfy their interest.
Heirs of a history of over three thousand years, Rome, Venice, Florence, Naples and Milan are the pages of a history book open pit. These great cities of art will reveal their stories through their finest monuments: the Roman Coliseum, the very Vatican St. Peter's Square, the Basilica of San Marco, the cathedral Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence, ...

Enjoying a climate softened further down south, Italy has many landscapes that will delight aficionados of walking and cycling: some lakes north of the mountains as the Apennine green hills in Tuscany and Umbria through the wondrous Gulf of Naples, beaches and many Italian islands, volcanoes of Etna and Vesuvius ...

Italy, if it is still necessary to point out, is one of the top restaurants in the world. You will enjoy the delights of a healthy and refined cuisine world famous. It is also starting to meet and share their incredible Italian dolce vita, La Dolce Vita.



Journey of emotions, you will keep a strong memory as you did before Goethe and Stendhal. A classic to discover and rediscover to satiety.

Italy was the filming location for many films such as "The Talented Mr. Ripley" by Anthony Minghella, starring Matt Damon and Jude Law. In particular, Rome was home to many masterpieces of cinema history: "Roman Holiday" William Wyler with Audrey Hepburn and Gregory Peck, "La Dolce Vita" by Federico Fellini, with the famous scene where Anita Ekberg and Marcello Mastroianni are found in the basin of the Trevi Fountain. More recently the movie "The Tourist" with Johnny Depp and Angelina Jolie, was filmed in Venice.


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Travel ideas for 2014

Each January magazines provide a list of destinations to visit for the coming year. I do not know exactly how these are chosen destinations according to their popularity? Because they have been ignored in recent years? Because a movie star currently habits since last summer? Because a hotel chain there has developed its latest business? A mystery, especially as published at the other choices are not the same.
Here is my travel wishlist for 2014

sao tome et principe

Want to discover São Tomé and Príncipe, one of the smaller African states. Archipelago of two main islands located 350 kilometers from the Gabonese coast and Equatorial Guinea, Sao Tome and Principe is a former Portuguese colony. Independent since 1975, speaks Portuguese. The beaches of white sand and palm fringed not yet overrun by tourists. They say it is also a paradise for surfers. A place to discover before it becomes too popular.

Thrill felt, I suggest you go to the province of Alberta, in the heart of the Rocky Mountains in Canada. In the month of May 2014 will open a breathtaking attraction: Glacier Skywalk. A huge balcony glass shaped horseshoe to 280 meters above the ground overlooking Sunwapta Valley. This engineering feat recalls the Grand Canyon Skywalk. We took the opportunity to visit this beautiful region: Banff, Jasper, Lake Louise ... The question is: would I have the courage to get into that transparent balcony?


rio-de-janeiro

Between the World Cup and the upcoming Olympic Games, Brazil is waiting to be visited. Almost 8000km of beaches, rainforest, Samba ... We will discover the state of Alagos north east of the country as there are there, it seems, the most beautiful beaches in the country. It will house a pousada


voitures cuba couleurs vintage


Cuba, because I love to go back and read everywhere that you need to go before it changes. It's been quite a few years we hear that. Yet Cuba still retains its legendary old-fashioned charm. His mythical hotels, its music, its beautiful white sand beaches, the friendly people ... mojitos! 

iles scilly uk angleterre british

Exploring the Isles of Scilly off Cornwall County and enjoy its microclimate. The archipelago consists of five main islands are sparsely populated - about 2500 inhabitants. A veritable paradise in the UK. 

portland oregon

Portland is an American city I'd like to see for a while. Known for its small independent cafes, creative atmosphere, unconventionality of its people, its passion for local organic food, Portland plot because it is unique among American cities.


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5 free things to do in Paris

pont alexandre 3 paris grand palais

Paris is the city that attracts most tourists worldwide. This is not surprising because the French capital has so much to offer: iconic sites, museums, monuments ... There is so much to see and explore. Most attractions are paying, but here is our selection of 5 free to se or things to do in Paris.

jardin de tuileries paris france musée louvre

Discover Paris museums
Parisian museums are paid except the first Sunday of each month. We took the opportunity to discover the Louvre, the Musée d'Orsay, the Pompidou Centre and other equally interesting museums: the Museum of Arts and Crafts, the Museum of Public Assistance, the Musée du Quai Branly ... Munissez- your patience because not be alone in wanting to visit the Louvre on a Sunday. Preference morning or late afternoon


bnf bibliothèque nationale de france paris

Check out the library of France
Opened in 1996 the National Library of France - BNF for regulars - is composed of 4 main buildings at right angles as four large open books facing. It is home to more than 14 million books. Located in the 13th arrondissement, it can be visited for free. We go to admire modern architecture and leaf through books, if desired.
Cathédrale Notre Dame Paris

Parisian monuments without paying a dime
Such as museums, many Parisian monuments can be visited for free the first Sunday of each month. As against this is valid only between November 1 and March 31. Outside this period, the Sunday entry fee becomes.
If you find yourself in Paris before March 31, you can visit an eye on Sunday the Pantheon, the Conciergerie, the Arc de Triomphe ...

Attend a free concert
The majority of churches in Paris offer free classical music concerts. We can also attend free concerts at the Maison de Radio France; simply remove one hour before the taping of the show his ticket. Here is the concert schedule for France Musique. Another tip: the National Conservatory of Music and Fnac.

cimetière paris père lachaise

Walking through the Pere Lachaise cemetery
Probably the most famous cemetery in Paris because of its tenants and its fascinating atmosphere. You can see the graves of Jim Morrison, Edith Piaf, Jean de la Fontaine or that of Oscar Wilde. The cemetery entrance is free. You can identify known on this site or buy a card sold at the entrance graves.

Source : http://goo.gl/SG9uZ1

A weekend in Monte Carlo

I was thinking the other day to an interesting destination and not too far for a weekend luxury ambience, where I could make beautiful historic walks and live within a day just like a movie. In doing my research, I started to pay close attention to the city of Monte Carlo. This is typically the place we hear about a thousand times but where we never think to go. I imagine that a weekend is enough for my budget because the city is made ​​for people with a generous scholarship. I would begin my visit when I went into the city center, and to escape the atmosphere overrated I go for a walk in the Market Hall Condamine. Aged 130 years, it is the ideal place to stock up on local specialties shared with the region Niçoise like barbagiuans (pies stuffed with chard, spinach or squash), socca (a large thin patty base chickpea flour), the onion tart (kind of pizza with lots of onions and some sort of anchovy cream) ... by reaching the ear, I could get an idea of the Monegasque language.


Monte Carlo is filled with beautiful gardens, including the Japanese garden. It has been working for 17 months asymmetrically and almost completely natural, and it has the merit to stand firm despite the Mediterranean climate is not conducive to the cultivation of Japanese plants (madness of Prince Rainer III). The exotic garden is also a place I like to visit, especially for its cave Observatory reflecting 250,000 years of history. The city is full of old and beautiful buildings, including the National Museum of Fine Arts or the St. Charles church. But what is certain is that it is impossible to overlook the famous Café de Paris, absolutely beautiful with its Belle Epoque 1900 From this coffee, you get a view of all famous buildings. The terrace with its breathtaking view of the Casino and the Hotel de Paris leaves me dreamy. Sometimes a band plays to the delight of fans of vintage vibe.


After coffee, there will me more than to discover the world of casino of Monte Carlo. I'd be first satisfied to know all the rules of the games I wanted to try, including roulette, but also the rules of poker whose practice is recognized in this casino. But it is mainly for the beautiful frescoes, sculptures, and atrium with marble and gold I want to visit this temple of the game.




After all those moments borrowing history, I do not tire of the stunning views that the city offers to the tip Bordighera in Italy, day or night. And may witness a car rally, a tennis tournament or a festival of classical music when the time is ripe, I will be. I'd end the day with the sun on Larvotto beach and a walk at night to see the harbor and two lighthouses, Hercules bridge and Illuminated Palace.



Source : http://goo.gl/9HNXZ9


Timimoun: The Red town

A BOOK illustrates corporate Maghreb written by one A. Missoum on "colonial ethnologies" whose premise has contributed to the marginalization of the discipline in the aftermath of the independence of our country. Made from a researcher of North African origin who pose a new look at society and Gourara these anthropological concepts Beyond ruptures: the emphasis is treated on the sacred, especially and holiness that anthropologists have contributed classified in a somewhat ambiguous under the label of "cult of saints" then. Without denying it decisive weight of the sacred in the organization of society Gourara. It is true that the sacred is exercised so much more complex and much richer in final. This wealth is reflected in the data that are collected two regions of South-West of Algeria, Saura and Gourara. Desert regions where human settlement is related to the control of water through the system of foggaras. This water control has enabled the development of oasis and led to the creation of very specific sedentary settlements, ksours, housing centers, the original architectural style manifested by the Sudanese influences and showing links with the old caravan black Africa. These remote areas bordering the Sahara with Moroccan influences.

Social life was when she turns around a religious holiday: the Mawlid, the anniversary of the birth of the Prophet observed Kenadsa (Souara) and Timimoune (Gourara). This festival usually devoted to the praise of the Prophet during a night of reflection, prayer and celebration takes the form of a pilgrimage that brings people of all ksours and those who have migrated to the cities and even abroad. This is a moment of intense mobilization of the sacred. A space and a time of devotion, which combine the patron saints of these institutions and the prophetic commemoration in an intended ambiguity. Based ceremony as a sort of "collective memorial", restoring the time of the origins of this community organized around their holy founders. This festival is an "image deployment." To better realize the deeper meanings, symbolic but also ethical, emotional, aesthetic, etc. These images are organized on the stage of the pilgrimage by borrowing from multiple registers incantatory word, chanted or sung invoking the names of God and the Prophet, through poems for this occasion and recitations of the Qur'an. That the gesture embodied in dances and baroud rifles trained men to heaven.

One week Timimoune involves all ksours Gourara, rhythmic commemorative stops on sacred places (tombs, mosques, and Ziaretes seat, places of brotherhood celebration of the founders, saints etc.). That of commensal and hospitality on the occasion which are supported visitors by sharing barley couscous and camel meat. Signs that, ultimately, self-definition, or rather "we", referring for example to this problem of horizontality of human works, as evidenced by the architectural frame, and vertical relationships with the eternal that appears in the same frame (minaret mosques, domes surmounting the tombs of saints), but also, on the occasion of the festival, through banners waved, faced different communities she meets.





Source : http://goo.gl/L90Uz2

Circuit Oasis outstanding universal value



brief summary
Roads leading to the Oasis of Algeria and towns in the highlands are full of culture and color. Each spear its own smell of spices and incense in this network of trade routes covering more than two thousand kilometers and to facilitate transport them from Bou-Saada up Ghardaia, in the desert hamadas, up 'return to the Mediterranean.

The four major cities of this long hike mainly Biskra capital of the famous date "Daglette Nour".
El Oued city of a thousand domes surrounded by a sea of ​​sand.
The enchanting Ghardaia, the capital of Zab.
And of course, the city South Gate. Bou Saada in the highlands and the intersection between the average Sahara and northern Algeria.

Each one associated with the culture or colonialism fortresses. Agricultural landscapes that connect these cities to the Mediterranean, are located on a portion of this road between the Oriental and the deserts of the Zab ... Hamada, Entre el Oued and Ghardaia, south, deserts are spread over thousands of miles of sand. Still from south of Biskra, east and up in the northwest of Bou-Saada, the bottom of M'Sila.

Together, the Oasis reflect an extremely lucrative business with the date, spices used in most applications the Algerian kitchen and thrived south of Arabia to the Mediterranean from the seventh century. BC to AD. Thanks to the way the harsh desert was settled by agriculture and with systems of human settlement and irrigation extremely sophisticated, especially in the deserts of Zab Oasis are the most beautiful sites of the Algeria tourist.

Many of these sites in the (four cities: Bou-Saada El Oued Biskra and Ghardaia, with each one of these cultural wealth and succession Zaouia El Balcon du Hamel Rouffi The market and domes of blow and finally... mysterious city of Beni Ysguen and its irrigation system distributed near or along the main road built around the Oasis, to the ports of the Mediterranean. they are crossed by a northern route parallel to the highway. roads and desert Cities that line the circuit Oasis testify to the prosperity of trade and its ancient culture. residents of this wonderful tower built in 8-day tour make this round of dazzling discoveries every step.

These cities are also served by irrigation systems set up by the government or by the people who inhabit them. The water supply allows large-scale agriculture. It consists of dams, pipes, tanks and reservoirs especially important compounds tablecloths and real underground lakes, was the example of one of the Oued El-Abiode giving to the city of Biskra new life. There are also many remains. Such as those that exist around Bou-Saada and Biskra old Vessera ...... .all these elements around the circuit of Oasis, and many remains of ancient historical systems are spread out along the way and often even the hillsides close to the main road.

These properties give a complete picture of the architectural and cultural circuit technology Oasis over eleven centuries of planning and construction. The combination of cities and landscapes, whether agricultural or pastoral associate a complete fossil cultural environment.

Existing remains and agricultural landscapes of northern Sahara are evidence of economic power behind a long road from the northern Mediterranean in the Hellenistic and Roman periods, which favored the development of these cities, forts and caravanserais to control and manage the road of Oasis. They also give a complete picture of the technology mastering irrigation thorough search of water and protection for over eleven centuries of planning and construction, as evidenced by these innovations work needed to create an agricultural system comprehensive and sustainable Currently extremely productive and flooding markets north of the country by various fruit and vegetable products, thanks to a work yet in harsh desert conditions, as evidenced particularly sophisticated works of water conservation.

The cities that make up the Oasis and their trade routes bear eloquent testimony to the economic, social and cultural importance of spices and incense from the Hellenistic and Roman world. The roads were also a means of passage not only for spices and fabrics and other goods but also for people and ideas come to live venues often hostile as in the Souf or the Zab valley. They never changed life in Oasis.

When the remains to them, almost fossilized cities, forts, caravanserai and sophisticated agricultural systems extend along Route Oasis in the desert of North El Golea north of Bou-Saada. They show the to a hostile desert environment that flourished for centuries remarkable answer ...

Cities and forts combined with this trade route and the agricultural hinterland, give a good a desert civilization which extends along the trade route overview. The remains of all elements of their institutions - cities, forts, caravanserais and agricultural landscapes - are within a well obvious. The development of the region has contributed greatly to protect sites and men in some development. None of the attributes are threatened. Except perhaps some let go a few repairs to the balcony of Rouffi remains in the region of Biskra tamalaht and Tamacine area Touggourt.

Essentially, the remains of towns, forts and caravanserais and landscapes, perfectly express the Outstanding Universal Value of a property being as evidence and illustration of prosperity Saharan trade.

It is recognized that the cities of El Oued and Ghardaia have been in the past, interventions that have jeopardized their authenticity. As part of the current management initiatives, the reconstructions as the capital of Zab as in that of the Suf is based more on a scenic intention that a scientific approach expressed after independence. But the consolidation of these sites were sufficient portion, and has been fully met since.

Needs protection and management:

All property was owned by the state. They summers protected by national legislation, but all the elements that made the same legislation summers have reviewed and delivered into the hands of the inhabitants of the regions concerned to finally find totally free.

The Directorate of the Ministry of Agriculture was responsible for the nature and land was land management in everyday life, while the Directorate of Culture and Antiquities, was caring for conservation activities and excavation structures classified.

All finances came from national budget from oil revenues, sales of fruit and especially the date or by a state grant. The four cities have their own budget. Years of low income, funds are devoted exclusively to the maintenance and protection, conservation is ensured only when external funds are available. We must put in place for the entire property, but also for each of the major cities, an archaeological strategy for archaeological research, nondestructive inventory and approaches to stabilization and repair.

A bit of history.

Berbers settled in the regions north of El Oued and Ghardaia in the sixth century, have become rich from the profits of the trade. The Romans tried several times to capture this trade but their hostility forced the indigenous to take other routes avoiding the Roman territories. Southward Ibadites aid by an army crossed Rostemides securing the desert as well as some of the most difficult areas of the Hamada. They built cities and surrounded by strong walls to defend the road caravanserai and welcome travelers by providing them support their populations and merchant caravans, they had to colonize the hardest desert to survive and support indigenous and Berber populations a nomadic period.

In the second century AD. BC, all cities in the highlands were annexed to the Roman province of Timgad, until the conquest of Vessera, current Biskra. The days of Berber control over trade routes were nearly coming to an end. For Roman control had not helped the prosperity of cities and Oasis for two centuries the Romans tried to incorporate people's defensive system of their own empire. Until the reign of Severus, when dawn came the decline of the trade routes of Oasis, the Romans finally diverting their trade of Roman Mauritania to the Middle East.

Most cities were finally taken during the Arab conquest of 636 AD by Sidi Ibn Nafaa Oka and remained fundamentally intact to this day. Trade started up again from Tolga to Sedrata south of Ouargla and goes to the South of the Atlas Mountains.

The very idea of ​​"ownership" of urban space by residents of Oasis, based largely on the fact that the observation focused on migrant conventional, that is to say some communities of traders who, living in diaspora, create residential communities (such as Mozabites for example) which at the time managed to "occupy" public spaces, valleys and rivers active, taming places to build their business in what we commonly call the Souks. I would understand the word "migrant" is not only related to someone looking for a potential spot but saw his mobility as a "peripatetic" eg (nomadic service) as was the Sufis who were such , hawkers who oppose virtually their "location" and that urban activities are taking place only very limited in the organization of urban space. They were installed in an unlimited desert dunes and sand They arrived with their wives, and their children, but also members of various societies and marginalized groups they have taken with them while they crossed the Libyan desert. As Biskris for example. The existence of urban migrants and their potential to create "communities" (or "translocalités") was mysterious but exciting at the same time.

This type of city allows us to identify more accurately (Strangeness) as an element of urban relationships. Local people often distinguish several categories of "foreigners". It also shows that groups and interaction processes differ regarding the fundamentals and concepts of strangeness and its social significance. This is among other things whether these migrant groups have achieved the status of city. Surely, to see clarification and comparison of the various factors component layer citizens composing the current Algerian population. Morphological strangeness is also important in the context of comparative analysis of the general problem of the relationship between urbanity and population ... In Algeria we find several ethnic groups, each one as rich as the other.

Several thematic panels are expressed beings. The first relates to mobility, settlement or installation and spatial organization in urban areas: The objective was to conceptualize mobility, and analyze the evolution of local notions of mobility relative to economic opportunities, policies, new technologies. The second focused on the activities of urban migrants: their work, market activities and the various businesses they practice to date. A third thematic approach focused on the foreignness of different forms of identity marking related thereto; it was analyzed persistence, evolution or substitution of social relations and traditional expressions. (Berber-Kabyle. Arabic. For special accents, different from north to south, although with sounding ones.)

In this geographical era, we had a view of the space in the Sahara Oasis. The approach to the city is also very wide, western urban centers in the big cities, even in the refugee camps of the Western Sahara. From this point of view, the question is whether the people of the Sahara area, show specific forms of mobility because they have specific perceptions of the "city" or "city in the making" is .L'accent so put on conceptual notions history of the term "migration" in the context of the French migration policy towards the inhabitants of the former French colony. A typical case of this kind of event is the city of Tamanrasset or refutes a population base its future in the city. So that was our country and the perception that had different actors of migrants and migration such as the Sufis, Mozabites or Tidjanis and Aboriginal residents of the ones before? And thought that the immigrant Muslim community in Saudi in Algeria before the arrival of the French ...? We leave for later the complexity of human intermingling in Northern Algeria is ...

Anyway this shows how a circuit of Oasis is a delight and certainly one of the most fascinating of southern Algeria towers. Here, the myths and realities are often confused for the delight of the traveler. The glorious past of these places, is present at every step. Fortresses and citadels rise, countless on a desert floor but how colorful. Turbans for men, clothes for women, colorful and flamboyant perfumes, illuminate the landscape and give life. The population is largely rural but his kindness, hospitality give a special charm to the living room or the discovery in the days that can give this absolutely fabulous turn and to achieve.

Source : http://goo.gl/kdX9Y9

Tipaza & Holy SALSA

For who knows Tipaza, whose beauty and purity is a challenge because it is facing his own misery, weaknesses and failure. We men of this nature! Speaking of St. Salsa is also a challenge for those who can hear the sermons because they put them in front of their responsibility. What shall we do "tomorrow" that in soaps and what we mean? We live in a sick world, creepy, dark, unholy and unclean. And it is in this world where we are called to live! What a challenge!

Tipasa in Roman Africa
On a promontory, sheltered Mount Chenoua, Phoenicians founded a trading post around the fifth century BC, this is the original that the town takes its name, which means "place of passage" or "stop." Others would Tipasa deformation from the Berber word "Tafsa" which means sandstone or limestone, still in use in many areas. The counter grows and becomes a true Punic city, initially subservient to Carthage, and included in the realms Numidians and Mauritanians.

The city will experience a boom under King Juba II and became with Caesaria (Cherchell) one of the foci of the Greco-Roman culture in North Africa in 40 PA. AD, Ptolemy Mauritania, son of Juba II is executed by Caligula. Mauritania became a Roman Caesarean with administrative capital Iol Caesarea. Under the Roman Emperor Claudius I, Tipasa takes the status of Municipality of Roman law and adopts a long wall of more than two kilometers.


Adrien raised by Tipasa to the rank of honorary colony: Colonia Alia Tipasensis. The city receives all the privileges of Roman citizenship and the late second century, the city reached its peak with a population rose 20 000. Initially limited to the promontory on which was built the modern lighthouse, it will expand to the west at the expense of an ancient Punic necropolis. 

Rich in monuments and relics that testify to the major role it plays in the ancient history of Algeria. In the first half of the third century, Christianity there is emerging. The epitaph of Rasinia Seconda is the oldest inscription dated Africa Like many cities in Algeria, Tipasa will suffer the torments of the Donatist schism. We know that in the first century BCE, King BocchusII whose capital is Iol, current Cherchell had a kingdom that stretched from the Atlantic to the Setif region. It was Juba II, who succeeded his kingdom covered BocchusII and Morocco and Algeria today. 

In 370, she successfully resisted the attacks of Berber chief Firmus. Although she was surrounded by a protective enclosure, this does not prevent its destruction in AD 430 by the Vandals led by Gaiseric. At the end of the fifth century under Hune Ric. Christians are persecuted and fled by sea to Spain. 

In 534, the Byzantine Caesarea and resume Tipasa. Beyond the sixth century, life went on in precarious and temporary and Tipasa eventually suffer the fate of all the abandoned cities; delivered to the wadis and alluvial burial dust. 

It is in the nineteenth century that the first excavations took place. Stéphane Gsell published a monograph in 1894, but it was John who in 1946 introduced Bardez modern and scientific methods of work and which constituted the first collections of the museum. Unlike Timgad and Djemila whose ruins appear compact and easily readable Tipasa offers to describe a split site. This is due to the fact that not everything has been cleared and much of the city is still underground. Proof The remains of the great baths, along the road that connects the museum to the archaeological park, whose base is four meters below the current ground level. As it stands, the ruins consist of two large masses. The first, located outside the walls at the entrance of the present town, on the right of the road from Algiers, is a large cemetery with funeral basilica of St. Salsa. The second is the Archaeological Park, located on the western outskirts of the modern city, which includes most of the monuments uncovered. 

Hill St. Salsa. 

At the time of pagan superstitions, was uncommon faith. To escape the treacherous betrayal and dark, we had to hide, as today, although it was modest. A temple stood on the hill overlooking the town and rocks bathed its rocky base in the waves. This place had been devoting more time to draw back to worship false gods ... Among the one, was dedicated to brass Dragon and it was offered to him libations and sacrifices. 

Named after a young martyr of the fourth century, the hill was home to the Eastern necropolis of the city spread beyond the enclosure east of the city. It's a huge cemetery where 4,700 graves "sarcophagi huddle around the church like sheep around their shepherd. This is one of the finest Christian cemeteries of the Western world. Its construction was started nevertheless in pagan times as can be seen the graves of earlier times, one of the most representative is charged Punic tomb in the cliff that secondarily tipped into the sea.



Adrien raised by Tipasa to the rank of honorary colony: Colonia Alia Tipasensis. The city receives all the privileges of Roman citizenship and the late second century, the city reached its peak with a population rose 20 000. Initially limited to the promontory on which was built the modern lighthouse, it will expand to the west at the expense of an ancient Punic necropolis. 
Rich in monuments and relics that testify to the major role it plays in the ancient history of Algeria. In the first half of the third century, Christianity there is emerging. The epitaph of Rasinia Seconda is the oldest inscription dated Africa Like many cities in Algeria, Tipasa will suffer the torments of the Donatist schism. We know that in the first century BCE, King BocchusII whose capital is Iol, current Cherchell had a kingdom that stretched from the Atlantic to the Setif region. It was Juba II, who succeeded his kingdom covered BocchusII and Morocco and Algeria today. 
In 370, she successfully resisted the attacks of Berber chief Firmus. Although she was surrounded by a protective enclosure, this does not prevent its destruction in AD 430 by the Vandals led by Gaiseric. At the end of the fifth century under Hune Ric. Christians are persecuted and fled by sea to Spain. 
In 534, the Byzantine Caesarea and resume Tipasa. Beyond the sixth century, life went on in precarious and temporary and Tipasa eventually suffer the fate of all the abandoned cities; delivered to the wadis and alluvial burial dust. 
It is in the nineteenth century that the first excavations took place. Stéphane Gsell published a monograph in 1894, but it was John who in 1946 introduced Bardez modern and scientific methods of work and which constituted the first collections of the museum. Unlike Timgad and Djemila whose ruins appear compact and easily readable Tipasa offers to describe a split site. This is due to the fact that not everything has been cleared and much of the city is still underground. Proof The remains of the great baths, along the road that connects the museum to the archaeological park, whose base is four meters below the current ground level. As it stands, the ruins consist of two large masses. The first, located outside the walls at the entrance of the present town, on the right of the road from Algiers, is a large cemetery with funeral basilica of St. Salsa. The second is the Archaeological Park, located on the western outskirts of the modern city, which includes most of the monuments uncovered. 
Hill St. Salsa. 
At the time of pagan superstitions, was uncommon faith. To escape the treacherous betrayal and dark, we had to hide, as today, although it was modest. A temple stood on the hill overlooking the town and rocks bathed its rocky base in the waves. This place had been devoting more time to draw back to worship false gods ... Among the one, was dedicated to brass Dragon and it was offered to him libations and sacrifices. 
Named after a young martyr of the fourth century, the hill was home to the Eastern necropolis of the city spread beyond the enclosure east of the city. It's a huge cemetery where 4,700 graves "sarcophagi huddle around the church like sheep around their shepherd. This is one of the finest Christian cemeteries of the Western world. Its construction was started nevertheless in pagan times as can be seen the graves of earlier times, one of the most representative is charged Punic tomb in the cliff that secondarily tipped into the sea.

Source : http://goo.gl/pLAO3R



BERN, a medieval jewel on the banks of the Aare

A foundation plan dating from the 12th century still intact combined with urban décor matches the needs in time. With its continuous renewal, the historic center of Bern has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1983.

Berne is the only historic center of Switzerland that is qualified by UNESCO site "whose disappearance would be an irreparable loss to the world." The city is determined to keep this prestigious status.
It tightened its retention policy to define a balance between the demands of modern life and those of the preservation of its heritage. The historic center "can and must be used, but it should never be distorted," says the attendant communal monuments, Jean-Daniel Gross.
The Bernese live, work and play in this medieval structure. Apartments, offices, shops, restaurants, bars, cinemas, hotels and theaters, all that is multiethnic and globalized contemporary society, finds its natural place in very old buildings, including traditional cellars with direct access from Street, originally created to store wine and wheat.
A homogeneous diversity :
"The buildings of the old town, a variety of periods, include 15th-century arcades and fountains from the 16th century."
"Most of the medieval town was restored in the 18th century but has retained its original character." What was the most important city-state north of the Alps in 1536-1798 represents a control rigor and urban structure the Middle Ages. If the late baroque architecture dominates, eras various elements are also present.
Strolling through the streets, so the visitor sees centuries of history through such monuments, towers, and the public and private buildings, corporate brands and eleven unique fountains dating from the 16th century, ten of whom are still crowned with their original statue.
At first glance, it seems a perfectly homogeneous whole. In reality, the facades of gray-green sandstone have a wide variety of forms and a profusion of ornament sometimes surprising.
Reflecting a prosperity without ostentation, these massive buildings are like safes protecting the treasures that lie within. For, in the privacy of their palaces, Bernese patricians gave vent to the expression of their opulence. These solid and sober walls conceal courtyards, gardens, pavilions stucco, frescoes, chandeliers and furniture of great price.

World Heritage :

Among the objectives of UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) the safeguard of cultural and natural heritage that has an "outstanding universal value."
In 1972, members of UNESCO adopted an International Convention that establishes the creation of a list of world heritage. The signatory States undertake to protect sites in their territory. So far the list includes almost 900 sites in 140 countries. Among those, figure: BERN, capital of Switzerland.
The old city, founded in 1191 by Duke Berthold V of Zahringen stands above a bend in the river Aare. The river seems to embrace the city protectively. Situated on a natural terrace is now setting its value beauty, the city obtained at the time of this morphological feature advantage for defense.
In these times of wars and invasions, this strip of land in promontory indeed had the enormous advantage of being protected on three sides by the river. That left only one there to build defensive walls.
Bern was built on the basis of a longitudinal plane adapted to the topography, with a wide main street in the center and narrower side streets. Homes, very deep, all follow the same longitudinal path from east to west. The plan left no room for a tangle of alleys.
The city has developed, or rather extended in three successive phases. Over the centuries, buildings have undergone transformations, but the elements and all the structural features of the foundation plan have been preserved until today.
Bern is also characterized by numerous exhibitions including, the historical museum, the natural sciences, the fine arts and the Alpin. It is also the center of government a few steps from the central station stands the palace headquarters of the federal parliament.
Einstein's house.
Initially, the houses of the city were built of wood. Then a fire destroyed two-thirds of the city in 1405, rebuilt in the Bernese sandstone. It was at this time began the realization of arcades, so characteristic of the city.
In total, Bern six kilometers of arcades, the utility has been praised by one of the most famous inhabitants of the city: "I love Bern. It is an old town, authentic and cheerful. (...) The ancient arcades flanking both sides of the streets used to get from one point to another in the pouring rain practically without getting wet, "Albert Einstein wrote to his future wife, Maeva Maric, the February 4, 1902, shortly after his arrival in the federal city.
It is in the heart of the old town, where he lived, that the genius of physics has developed one of his revolutionary theories. Years later, the evidence was made that the theory of relativity was born at number 49 Rue Kramgasse. An apartment that has been converted into a small museum.
But this is only one of many tourist attractions in the historic center. Among other buildings for cultural or religious nature, one can not miss the buildings dedicated to politics, since Bern is also the capital of the Confederacy.
The rooster crows three times always
Can anyone that explores the world heritage alone, or with a guided tour audio guides provided by the local tourist office, which is certain is that, through the streets, "Qu one fills the eyes of beauty. "
Visitors flock especially to admire the clock tower, which is the main element of the second fortification of the city, built between 1218 and 1220 and amended several times. The Clock Tower attracts crowds mainly due to an exceptional mechanism, carried out between 1527 and 1530 that operates the hammer of the bell, the two clocks, astronomical clock and chime with a cock crowing three once every hour.
The center also home markets flowers including daffodils that display their colors. The walking onions, or the most famous is: The Christmas. The capital city is a gateway to the Alps, the heart of Switzerland. It can be reached by car, train or bus.
"Federal City" ... Under the weight of words, looks like a significant dozing. But in the shadow of the Federal Palace, the medieval village was able to play the invention and dynamism. It took thirty years of controversy so that the place that opens to the Federal Palace in the heart of the capital, features a rejuvenated look. Strengthens its national symbolism!
Bern, capital of Switzerland is not only a political and diplomatic metropolis but also, thanks to its central location, a destination that many like to visit. A few steps from Geneva, Zurich and Basel; it is the ideal starting point for trips and excursions through Switzerland.
The romantic medieval streets still retain today the imprint of the glory days of Berne between the 14th to the 16th century. But Bern has never lost its luster past-medieval image of the city once home today, unchanged.
She invites you to stroll and shop and many outdoor cafes you linger. A visit to Zytglockenturnm, the cathedral, the bear pit or the amazing views of the rose garden will be a memorable event for everyone visiting the city of Bern.
The Highlands have a reputation for small things, but that's because they are proud of their city, the River Aare is a joy. The streets are alive in the morning and flower markets await shoppers in a charming setting.
The rose garden with 250 varieties of roses including 200 different irises are numbers that will even dream hotel Aghlen paradise Ysguen Although the Zab. The Rose Garden offers a unique view of the old city. There opposite the "Rosengarten restaurant" where you can enjoy on the terrace a refined and inventive cuisine.
Marzili is a great pool fed by the waters of the Aare River. Admission is free, which is not anything in Switzerland. Once you have the chance to be there, do the entire way. Distract yourself out there and get carried away by a gentle current.
Kornhausekeller is a very elegant restaurant. A huge rustic cellar of the city, as it does not exist like this in Europe. As you descend the stairs you believe in a cathedral. But here we are tasted that good food specialties or exceptionally Italian Switzerland.
Other Swiss attractions imperative.
cultural Heritage
- Convent of St. Gallen,
- Benedictine Convent of St John at Müstair,
- Castles of Bellinzona
- Vineyard terraces of Lavaux
- Rhaetian Railway in the Albula Pass and Bernina.
- The Chronicle watch La Chaux-de-Fonds and Le Locle.
  -The Castle of Gruyere.
natural Heritage
- Region Jungfrau-Aletsch-Bietschhorn glacier
- Monte San Giorgio,
- Swiss Tectonic Arena Sardona.





Source : http://goo.gl/5nnuj3